I beleived there is no ISO standard include the Cost of Poor Quality at this moment.
However, I attached a good article on COPQ for you reference.
As the figure below shows, quality costs are the total of the cost incurred by:
• Investing in the prevention of nonconformance to requirements. (Prevention Cost)
• Appraising a product or service for conformance to requirements. (Appraisal Cost)
• Failing to meet requirements. (Failure Cost)