Right, all that. I'm not familiar with special care facilities but there must be such places.
I regularly go to some of the hospitals you are probably referring to (funny how diseases are different in the tropics, so health issues come up more). Bumrungrad is the main one, popular with Middle Eastern visitors. Vichayut and Siriraj are in between that and better local hospitals, the other places I go, but there are others more geared towards foreigners than those two. Cosmetic surgery as an industry is also big here, just not quite on the same level as South Korea, I don't think.
I had talked about work in Thailand somewhere else on here but retirement is a different thing. Thailand is open about that, related to issuing visas, and there are plenty of retired expats here. There are a lot of working professionals too, they just keep making the paperwork harder, cutting back the numbers by weeding out unqualified teachers (you need a degree now; that wasn't always the case). I've talked a little to people online that have worked in Vietnam as well but I don't really know how it all goes there.
This part is drifting way off topic but an expat told an interesting story about dying here, discussing the subject online while he was in the process of dying of fibrosis of the lungs. His financial status wasn't great so he was in a typical local hospital for that. For some that would seem nightmarish, like the kind of places in horror movies, but really it's just rougher looking, and not air conditioned, with some functional losses in being sanitary. I visited another monk's father dying in such a place when I was a monk here (long story, that part). In the US that particular medical condition will usually kill you too, unless you can arrange for a lung transplant in time.
Foreigners / expats here tend to push their interpretation of living in Thailand towards it either being a paradise of sorts or a bit hellish but to me it's just slightly different. Lower-end medical care is less effective, no doubt about that, but then it's not so functional to be underfunded and uninsured in the US either.