Statistics Glossary - C

Characteristic

A distinguishing feature of a process or its output on which variables or attribute data can be collected.

Common Cause

A source of variation that affects all the individual values of the process output being studied. In control chart analysis it appears as part of the random process variation.

Consecutive

Units of output produced in succession. A basis for selecting subgroup samples.

Control Chart

A graphic representation of a characteristic of a process showing plotted values of some statistic gathered from that characteristic, a center line, and 1 or 2 control limits. It has two basic uses:


As a judgement to determine is a process has been operating in statistical control, and

As an operation to aid in maintaining statistical control.

Control Limit

A line (or lines) on a control chart used as a basis for judging the significance of variation from subgroup to subgroup. Variation beyond a control limit is evidence that special causes are affecting the process. Control limits are calculated from proce

Detection

A past-oriented strategy that attempts to identify unacceptable output after it has been produced, and then to separate it from the good output.

Distribution

A way of describing the output of a common-cause system of variation in which individual values are not predictable but in which the outcomes as a group form a pattern that can be described in terms of its location, spread and shape. Location is commonly

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The Juran Trilogy	The Deming PDCA Cycle	QMS Implementation	FMEA Information	APQP Information
Auditing Information	8-D Problem Solving	Statistics	Error Proofing (Poka Yoke)	Brainstorming
Identifying Waste	Pull Systems	Lead Time Reduction	Planned Maintenance	Quick Setup
Discovering Change	Process Capability - Cp vs. Cpk	Histogram Animation	Process Loop Animation	Taguchi Loss Function
		Fishbone / Cause and Effects Animation

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