Statistics Glossary - S

Stability

The absence of special causes of variation. The state of being in statistical control.

Stable Process

A process which is in statistical control.

Standard Deviation = Sigma = s

A measure of the spread of the process output or the spread of a sampling statistic from the process (e.g., of subgroup averages). Denoted by the Greek letter sigma ( s ).

Statistic

A value calculated from or based upon sample data (e.g., a subgroup average or range), used to make inferences about the process that produced the output from which the sample came.

Statistical Control

The condition describing a process from which all special causes of variation have been eliminated and only common causes remain. This is evidenced on a control chart by the absence of points beyond the control limits and by the absence of non-random pat

Statistical Process Control

The use of statistical techniques such as control charts to analyze a process or its output so as to take appropriate actions to achieve and maintain a state of statistical control and to improve the process capability.

Subgroup

One or more events or measurements used to analyze the performance of a process. Rational subgroups are usually chosen so that the variation represented within each subgroup is as small as feasible for the process (representing the variation from common

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The Juran Trilogy	The Deming PDCA Cycle	QMS Implementation	FMEA Information	APQP Information
Auditing Information	8-D Problem Solving	Statistics	Error Proofing (Poka Yoke)	Brainstorming
Identifying Waste	Pull Systems	Lead Time Reduction	Planned Maintenance	Quick Setup
Discovering Change	Process Capability - Cp vs. Cpk	Histogram Animation	Process Loop Animation	Taguchi Loss Function
		Fishbone / Cause and Effects Animation

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