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Root Causes

• A Root Cause(s) may be below the first level cause. For example, consider the illustration:

• For failure modes whose effects have a severity rating of 9 or 10, identify the Root Cause(s) of the failure mode. Root Causes are sometimes below the first level cause, and there may be more than one lower level root cause. Techniques such as TOPS (8D), Cause and Effect Diagram, or Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) can be used to help determine Root Causes.

Design Deficiency Equipment Process Variation

Switch rocker cracked Inadequate or no lubrication

Incorrect algorithm Part mis-located

Material fatigued

Failure Mode:

First Level Cause:

Second Level Cause

(Root Cause)

Failed to Operate

Material Cracked

(over-stress)

Material Too Thin

(Inadequate design)

FMEA and Control Plans Forum Discussions

	The. Deming PDCA Cycle	QMS Implementation	FMEA Information	APQP Information
Auditing Information	8-D Problem Solving	Statistics	Error Proofing (Poka Yoke)	Brainstorming
Identifying Waste	Pull Systems	Lead Time Reduction	Planned Maintenance	Quick Setup
Discovering Change	Process Capability - Cp vs. Cpk	Histogram. Animation	Process Loop Animation	Taguchi Loss Function
		Fishbone / Cause and Effects Animation

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