Formula in the Annex of IEC 61000-4-3 - How is k=7 determined?

ivanc527

Registered
Hi all,
In the Annex of IEC 61000-4-3, there is a formula,

E = (k√P)/d
E is the field strength
P is the Effective Radiated Power
d is the distance from the antenna
k is a constant with a value of 7, for free-space propagation in far field

Does anyone know how is k=7 be determined? And what are the assumptions for k=7 be valid?
Appreciate if anyone can point out what keyword I should google for more information...Thanks
 
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