Manoj
8D is the corrective action methodology championed primarily by the Ford motor company, and now pretty much an industry norm in the auto industry.
8D basically stands for 8 Disciplines, and is the required 8 steps to successfully address a incidence of non-conformance.
The Disciplines (or steps) are:-
Discipline 1 - Organise the team to work on the corrective action, ideally this should be a cross functional team.
Discipline 2 - Define the problem, accurately and specifically.
Discipline 3 - Containment action, that is take action that will stop any similar non-conformances being reported. i.e. check existing stock, work in progress, etc for the fault reported.
Discipline 4 - Establish root cause, absolutely fundemental to achieving effective corrective action. Use 5 Why's, Ishikawas, fault trees, etc or try to re-create the problem.
Discipline 5 - Plan corrective action, detail tasks to be undertaken, resources, responsibilities (action owners), time scales, etc.
Discipline 6 - Implement corrective action plan and verify its effectiveness.
Discipline 7 - Take preventive action (this slightly contradicts ISO9001 definitions, but dont lose sleep over it), update procedures,
FMEA's, etc, institutionalise the action taken.
Discipline 8 - Thank everyone for participating, slap each other on the back, and sit back and wait for the next one.