The auditor had us reference the 9100-2016 Series Clarifications document which can be found on the IAQG website. On page 16 it 'clarifies' section 8.7 as follows:
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The auditor's determination is "lockable" boxes for our material. We have a 3rd party company pick up or 'scrap' or material we cannot use and this company has provided us with a certificate of destruction for years.
The "unauthorized personnel" may be the point where you can make your argument that the red bins are indeed positively controlled. Are you able to show access is controlled to the production floor or controlled on who is allowed to remove the product from the red bins?
As an auditor myself, looking at your replies, it certainly seems you have addressed and minimized the risk of NC product reentering the value stream with extensive inspections and product testing.
You could relabel the red bins as "potentially NC Material" and have those go through a disposition process. However, if the part has already failed testing it probably does not add value to your process to look at a failed part twice.
If this was my facility I would be appealing and getting some second opinions from the CB. If a process has been in place for 15 years, and you can show that it is controlled, and the only solution the auditor will accept is causing more risk for NC product then it is not a solution that needs to implemented. In my opinion.
Good luck! I hope the one bad audit doesn't scare your whole facility off the audit process.