Apparently “rework” brings a NC product to conformance with all applicable requirements and “repair” brings a NC product to a conformity with intended use (and not to conformity with all requirements, including with requirements of process flow and control plan).
Thus, a product is returned to a former process step (even to complete a missed operation or testing): when that process flow loop is not defined in PFD / CP, then it constitutes a “repair” and requires approval of the Customer.