D
Dawn
Does anyone have anything good on ppm philosophy?
Does anyone have anything good on ppm philosophy?
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B
Bill Ryan - 2007
Once again, I'm confused 
When I read Dawn's question, I jumped to the assumption that PPM stood for "Parts Per Million". Hershal's response tells me I might have jumped to the wrong assumption
Can someone enlighten me?
When I read Dawn's question, I jumped to the assumption that PPM stood for "Parts Per Million". Hershal's response tells me I might have jumped to the wrong assumption
.
Can someone enlighten me?
PPM is in fact parts per million. I simply gave the mathematical statement of 1 PPM.
PPM or the mathematical version of it, is used in Metrology (depending on the measurement of course) quite often.
One other point.....the -6 part is somewhat relative. That is, a PPM of 10,000 iwould result in a number of 0.02, which is x10^-6 of 10,000. Thus, if a million items are considered, one single item is the PPM.
Hershal
PPM or the mathematical version of it, is used in Metrology (depending on the measurement of course) quite often.
One other point.....the -6 part is somewhat relative. That is, a PPM of 10,000 iwould result in a number of 0.02, which is x10^-6 of 10,000. Thus, if a million items are considered, one single item is the PPM.
Hershal
Not sure what you are looking for.Dawn said:
In automotive world, ppm is used to drive improvement.
1% defective seems pretty good to most folks...but 10,000 ppm is a big scary number needing immediate and drastic action!
There are also lists of number of airplane crashes per day, pacemaker failures, lightning strikes etc at various ppm levels to help demonstrate how good you have to be.
And of course 6 sigma is all about ppm defect rates
Does any of this help?
C
Charmed
Let's try this
Dear Dawn:
To follow up on the responses you have received already, let me try this. I still remember a chart on the wall when I visited the folks in the purchasing department at GM. It was something like this. Let's say you get a quote from three different suppliers.
If you save $0.01 on the part
At 100 pieces, you are saving just $ 1.
At 1000 pieces, you are saving $10.
At 1000,000 pieces, you are saving $10,000.
At 10,000,000 pieces (remember there are four tires per car), you are saving $100,000.
Take all the millions of parts that are being produced everyday and go into a typical automobile; pretty soon, the $0.01 becomes a big chunk of money - several billions of dollars really.
The same goes in many other areas. Engineers are usually thinking about manufacturing processes and number of "defects" or "defectives" (one part, or one defective, can have more one or more defects). If you are a Six Sigma company, you are operating at 3.4 defects per million opportunities, or shall we say, 1 defect per million opportunities - or 1 in a million.
Mathematically, 1 PPM is 1 times 10^(-6), just as 1% is 1 times 10^(-2).
The post office delivers millions of pieces of mail everyday. The UPS, FedEx, etc. deliver millions of packages everyday. Guess what would happen if just 1% of these hundreds of millions of items were to be delivered, every single day, to the wrong address? There would be total chaos.
I remember reading about how the former Chairman and CEO of GE, Jack Welch, got sold on the idea of implementing the Six Sigma philosophy or methodology (originally developed at Motorola), after he grasped the idea of "variability". Statistically speaking, this is measured by what is called the standard deviation, or sigma, for N pieces of data. If you cut delivery times from 16 days to 8 days, you have not really achieved a 50% improvement. A process may be operating at 16 PPM one day and at 8 PPM the other day. Again, this is not 50% improvement. This is all just a part of the natural "variation" that we see every day in complex processes - described mathematically by the "normal" or the Gaussian distribution model.
The challenge is to reduce variability. Why? Ultimately, all of this (PPM talk, I mean) has to do with what we call customer satisfaction, or dissatisfaction. If you have to wait 6 minutes in the drive through lane at McDonald's instead of 2 minutes, you may never come back. Hope this helps.
Charmed
Dear Dawn:
To follow up on the responses you have received already, let me try this. I still remember a chart on the wall when I visited the folks in the purchasing department at GM. It was something like this. Let's say you get a quote from three different suppliers.
If you save $0.01 on the part
At 100 pieces, you are saving just $ 1.
At 1000 pieces, you are saving $10.
At 1000,000 pieces, you are saving $10,000.
At 10,000,000 pieces (remember there are four tires per car), you are saving $100,000.
Take all the millions of parts that are being produced everyday and go into a typical automobile; pretty soon, the $0.01 becomes a big chunk of money - several billions of dollars really.
The same goes in many other areas. Engineers are usually thinking about manufacturing processes and number of "defects" or "defectives" (one part, or one defective, can have more one or more defects). If you are a Six Sigma company, you are operating at 3.4 defects per million opportunities, or shall we say, 1 defect per million opportunities - or 1 in a million.
Mathematically, 1 PPM is 1 times 10^(-6), just as 1% is 1 times 10^(-2).
The post office delivers millions of pieces of mail everyday. The UPS, FedEx, etc. deliver millions of packages everyday. Guess what would happen if just 1% of these hundreds of millions of items were to be delivered, every single day, to the wrong address? There would be total chaos.
I remember reading about how the former Chairman and CEO of GE, Jack Welch, got sold on the idea of implementing the Six Sigma philosophy or methodology (originally developed at Motorola), after he grasped the idea of "variability". Statistically speaking, this is measured by what is called the standard deviation, or sigma, for N pieces of data. If you cut delivery times from 16 days to 8 days, you have not really achieved a 50% improvement. A process may be operating at 16 PPM one day and at 8 PPM the other day. Again, this is not 50% improvement. This is all just a part of the natural "variation" that we see every day in complex processes - described mathematically by the "normal" or the Gaussian distribution model.
The challenge is to reduce variability. Why? Ultimately, all of this (PPM talk, I mean) has to do with what we call customer satisfaction, or dissatisfaction. If you have to wait 6 minutes in the drive through lane at McDonald's instead of 2 minutes, you may never come back. Hope this helps.
Charmed
Last edited by a moderator:
PPM could = Path Probability Method
Tim Folkerts
Trusted Information Resource
Al Rosen said:
There is a handy website that lists acronyms at https://www.acronymfinder.com The two mentioned so far were there, along with many others. Some of the choices for "PPM" include:
PPM Pages Per Minute
PPM Parts Per Million
PPM Packages Per Minute (packaging machinery specifications)
PPM Path Probability Method
PPM Pencil Marks in Margin (philatelic imperfection)
PPM Performance Prediction Model
PPM Permanent Pacemaker
PPM Personnel & Property Manager
PPM Peter, Paul, & Mary
PPM Planned Preventive Maintenance
PPM Please Please Me (Beatles album)
PPM Policy & Procedure Manual
PPM Postings Per Month (USENET)
PPM Project Planning Matrix
"Parts per million" is certainly the one that comes to mind first , but the others could relate to quality (or they just seemed interesting). Hopefully Dawn will let us know if her question has been answered, or if she had some other meaning in mind.
Tim F
P
pthareja
Zero Defect Journey
Continual improvement is the mandate for quality journey, with 6 sigma levels at the agenda of most of the organisations. We should thus now be planning to get introduced to ppb away from ppm.
thareja
Continual improvement is the mandate for quality journey, with 6 sigma levels at the agenda of most of the organisations. We should thus now be planning to get introduced to ppb away from ppm.
thareja
