Self-test minimum requirements

FrancoisA

Starting to get Involved
#1
Dear all

Are you aware of any normative requirements for the minimum content of medical devices self-tests?

I know that IEC 60335 has such requirements for class B or C household applications, but I couldn't find anything similar is either the IEC 60601-1 serie, nor in IEC 62304.
If the absence of such normative requirements for the medical domain, could a notify body consider that the requirements set by IEC 60335 should be applied, considering it as a part of prior art ?

Thanks
 
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Peter Selvey

Leader
Super Moderator
#3
Some standards like IEC 60601-2-16 and IEC 60601-2-24 (dialysis and infusion respectively) require either automated self testing or user testing, but user testing is cumbersome so it's always done by software at power on, and in special cases higher frequency, for example the air detector sensor. This is all related to protection systems with fairly high risk if they fail.

If a device has a similar kind of risk, it could be possible for NBs to use those standards or "functional safety" as a guide.

As Yodon points out though, it depends on the risk analysis. With every protection system it should be asked if it is sufficiently reliable over the lifetime of the device, noting that the combined probability of two independent events (two faults, or a user miss + fault, or a low battery + fault etc etc) increases with time squared. This means that probabilities which are acceptable over short periods of time (e.g. 1 year) may not be over a lifetime (e.g. 10 years). Close attention is required for protection against direct high severity harm (e.g. infant incubator overtemp protection) and also protection against user mistakes for medium and high severity harm (an interlock to prevent mechanical harm).

If the risk analysis judges it is not acceptable, automated periodic testing of a protection system is probably the most cost effective solution, and is frequently used in medical devices. You don't need to go to household applications to see it is state of the art. Note there are other options such as additional redundancy, proof of high reliability by testing, asking the user to perform tests, annual maintenance with varying effectiveness and costs.
 

ECHO

Involved In Discussions
#4
Looks like @Peter Selvey pretty much addressed everything.

The only thing that I would add is, "what should the user do when a self-test fails?". Are some self-test failures "fixable" by the user? If so, don't forget to provide those instructions.
 

VinceTech

Involved In Discussions
#5
Just forget what is protection/self te
Looks like @Peter Selvey pretty much addressed everything.

The only thing that I would add is, "what should the user do when a self-test fails?". Are some self-test failures "fixable" by the user? If so, don't forget to provide those instructions.
Maybe try to forget what is protection/self-test and what is control. These words have been defined clearly. Use two means. You will consider the failure of a means in risk analysis.
So if self-test fails, it shall be detectable in your system before another means fails.
 
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